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Religion in the Philippines is marked by a majority of people being adherents of the Christian faith as a result of Spanish cultural influence.〔(Philippines in Figures : 2014 ), Philippine Statistics Authority.〕 The Philippines is one of two predominantly Catholic Christian countries in Asia, the other being East Timor, a former Portuguese colony. More than 90% of the population is Christian: about 80.6% belong to the Roman Catholic Church while about 5.5% belong to independent Iglesia ni Cristo (a Nontrinitarian church) and Protestant Christian denominations, such as Seventh-day Adventist Church, Kingdom of Jesus Christ, Members Church of God International, the Philippine Independent Church, United Church of Christ in the Philippines (a mainline Protestant United Church), and Jehovah's Witnesses.〔 Governmentally, the Philippines is a secular nation, with its constitution guaranteeing separation of church and state, and requiring government to respect all religious beliefs equally According to national religious surveys, about 5% of the population of the Philippines is Muslim, making Islam the second largest religion in the country. However, the National Commission of Muslim Filipinos (NCMF) disputes this and claims the adherence of about 11% of the total population.〔http://www.ncmf.gov.ph/〕 Most Muslims live in parts of Mindanao, Palawan, and the Sulu Archipelago – an area known as Bangsamoro or the Moro region.〔(RP closer to becoming observer-state in Organization of Islamic Conference ). (2009-05-29). ''The Philippine Star''. Retrieved 2009-07-10, "Eight million Muslim Filipinos, representing 10 percent of the total Philippine population, ...".〕 Some have migrated into urban and rural areas in different parts of the country. Most Muslim Filipinos practice Sunni Islam according to the Shafi'i school. There are some Ahmadiyya Muslims in the country. Philippine traditional religions are still practiced by an estimated 2% of the population,〔〔(Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project: Philippines ). Pew Research Center. 2010.〕 made up of many aboriginal and tribal groups. These religions are often syncretized with Christianity and Islam. Animism, folk religion, and shamanism remain present as undercurrents of mainstream religion, through the ''albularyo'', the ''babaylan'', and the ''manghihilot''. Buddhism is practiced by 2% of the populations,〔(Philippines ), CIA Factbook〕〔 and together with Taoism and Chinese folk religion it is dominant in Chinese communities. There are smaller number of followers of Hinduism 1%,〔〔 Sikhism, and Judaism and Baha'i.〔(The Largest Baha'i Communities ). (2005-09-30). Retrieved 2010-04-26 from www.adherents.com.〕 Less than one percent of the population is non-religious.〔〔 ==Ancient indigenous beliefs== During pre-colonial times, a form of animism was widely practiced in the Philippines. Today, the Philippines is mostly Catholic and other forms of Christianity, and only a handful of the indigenous tribes continue to practice the old traditions. These are a collection of beliefs and cultural mores anchored more or less in the idea that the world is inhabited by spirits and supernatural entities, both good and bad, and that respect be accorded to them through nature worship. These spirits all around nature are known as "''diwatas''", showing cultural relationship with Hinduism (Devatas). Some worship specific deities, such as the Tagalog supreme deity, Bathala, and his children Adlaw, Mayari, and Tala, or the Visayan deity Kan-Laon; while others practice Ancestor worship (''anitos''). Variations of animistic practices occur in different ethnic groups. Magic, chants and prayers are often key features. Its practitioners were highly respected (and some feared) in the community, as they were healers, midwives (''hilot''), shamans, witches and warlocks (''mangkukulam''), priests/priestesses (''babaylan/katalonan''), tribal historians and wizened elders that provided the spiritual and traditional life of the community. In the Visayan regions, shamanistic and animistic beliefs in witchcraft (''barang'') and mythical creatures like ''aswang'' (vampires), ''duwende'' (dwarves), and ''bakonawa'' (a gigantic sea serpent), may exist in some indigenous peoples alongside more mainstream Christian and Islamic faiths. Spanish occupiers during the 16th century arrived in the Philippines noting about warrior priestesses leading tribal spiritual affairs. Many were condemned as pagan heretics. Although suppressed, these matriarchal tendencies run deep in Filipino society and can still be seen in the strong leadership roles modern Filipino women are assuming in business, politics, academia, the arts and in religious institutions. Nominally animists constitute about one percent of the population. But animism's influence pervade daily life and practice of the colonial religions that took root in the Philippines. Elements of folk belief melded with Christian and Islamic practices to give a unique perspective on these religions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Religion in the Philippines」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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